Navigating Medical Vs Non-Medical Mask Choices: A Guide To Surgical Mask, N95 Respirator, Thiab Procedural Mask - ZhongXing

Xaiv cov iav tiv thaiv kom raug tuaj yeem xav zoo li kev taug kev tshawb nrhiav. Raws li tus neeg saib xyuas kev yuav khoom lossis tus neeg yuav khoom kho mob, koj tuav tus neeg mob kev nyab xeeb thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv koj txhais tes. Koj ntsib cov thawv uas tsis muaj qhov kawg uas zoo ib yam rau sab nraud. Tab sis sab hauv, cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv wildly. Qee qhov thaiv cov kab mob me me, thaum lwm tus tsuas nres cov tee dej loj. Hauv ib lub tsev kho mob uas tsis khoom, muaj cov khoom lag luam raug teeb meem. Nws tso tseg kev sib kis. Nws ua rau cov kws saib xyuas neeg mob thiab kws kho mob muaj kev nyab xeeb. Nws ua kom koj lub chaw nyob qhib thiab ua haujlwm zoo.

Kab lus no yuav pab koj txiav tawm ntawm qhov tsis meej pem. Peb yuav ua txhaum raws nraim qhov ua rau ib yam khoom txawv ntawm lwm tus. Koj yuav kawm txog cov qauv ntsuas, cov dej tsis sib haum, thiab nrhiav qhov haum zoo. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom yuav rau lub tsev kho mob loj heev lossis chaw kho hniav me me, koj yuav paub meej tias yuav nrhiav dab tsi. Cia peb nkag mus rau hauv cov ntsiab lus uas ua rau peb cov neeg ua haujlwm pem hauv ntej muaj kev nyab xeeb txhua hnub.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kho mob thiab tsis yog tshuaj kho mob?

Thaum koj yuav cov khoom siv, koj yuav tsum cais cov cuab yeej tshaj lij los ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub. Cov qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob cov kev xaiv thiab cov khoom siv niaj hnub tuaj rau kev sim thiab cov kev cai nruj. Ib qhov tseeb daim npog qhov ncauj kho mob tau mob siab rau kev kuaj sim. Factories yuav tsum ua pov thawj tias cov khoom no thaiv cov kab mob thiab cov kua dej. Lawv raug tswj nruj heev. Cov khoom no ua raws li qhov tseeb Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, a daim npog qhov ncauj tsis kho mob feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub los yog cov ntawv yooj yim. Koj pom cov neeg hnav cov no ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj. To taub cov qhov sib txawv ntawm kev kho mob thiab tsis yog kho mob npog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg yuav khoom hauv tsev kho mob. Cov ntaub ntawv versions tsis muaj cov qauv ntsuas rau thaiv cov khoom me me. A ntsej muag tsis kho mob npog tsuas yog ua raws li qhov yooj yim barrier tiv thaiv txham loj.

Muab piv daim npog qhov ncauj kho mob thiab tsis yog kho mob qhia txog qhov sib txawv loj hauv kev nyab xeeb. Cov tsev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem cia siab rau cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim. Thaum muas Qhov ncauj qhov ntswg kho mob, koj yuav tsum kos lub thawv rau cov ntawv pov thawj kom raug. Txhua hnub Cov ntaub npog tsis suav tias yog cov cuab yeej muaj kev nyab xeeb.

Lub npog ntsej muag zoo li cas piv rau N95 lub tshuab ua pa hauv chaw kho mob?

Taug kev mus rau hauv ib lub tsev kho mob, koj yuav pom ob hom iav loj. Ib tug qauv Kev phais mob yog heev. Nws haum xoob. Nws yog tsim los tiv thaiv tus neeg mob los ntawm tus kws kho mob ua pa los yog qaub ncaug. Nws muab qhov zoo Qhov Chaw Tswjhwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis kaw nruj nreem rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cua tuaj yeem yooj yim plam los ntawm ob sab.

Ib Lub looj ntsej muag ua pa n95 yog txawv kiag li. Nws haum nruj. Nws ua rau cov Cov neeg hnav lub ntsej muag. Lub kaw ntom nti no txhais tau hais tias tag nrho cov huab cua mus los ntawm cov khoom siv lim, tsis nyob ib puag ncig nws. Nws yog tsim los tiv thaiv tus neeg hnav los ntawm cov kab mob hauv huab cua. Siv dav hauv Kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, N95 tseem ceeb heev rau kev kho cov kab mob sib kis.

Thaum phais qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab thaiv cov kua dej, lawv tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov kab mob hauv huab cua nrog rau N95. Ob leeg yog kev pov tseg. Tab sis lawv ua hauj lwm rau lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb sib txawv. Ib qho tiv thaiv tus neeg mob, thiab lwm qhov tiv thaiv tus neeg ua haujlwm.

Cov txheej txheem daim npog qhov ncauj txawv li cas ntawm kev phais thiab txheej txheem daim npog qhov ncauj?

Nws yooj yim kom tsis meej pem los ntawm cov npe. Kev phais thiab txheej txheem daim npog qhov ncauj muaj ob qho tib si hauv chaw kho mob. Tab sis lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv. A daim npog qhov ncauj feem ntau siv pob ntseg loops. Koj khi lawv sai tom qab koj pob ntseg. Qhov no ua rau lawv ceev nrooj thiab tshem tawm. Lawv zoo heev rau kev kuaj xyuas sai lossis zaum ntawm lub rooj txais tos.

Qhov tseeb phais version siv ties. Koj khi ob txoj hlua tom qab koj lub taub hau thiab ob lub hauv qab koj caj dab. Qhov no tsim kom haum me ntsis zoo dua. Ntau zoo li daim npog qhov ncauj phais, cov no yog xoob, tab sis cov kev sib txuas ua kom lawv tsis txhob ntog thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev.

Thaum koj saib qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, xav txog kev ceev thiab kev nplij siab. Rau kev xeem ceev, pob ntseg loops yeej. Rau kev phais peb-teev, kev sib tw yeej. Ob leeg hom npog ntsej muag tiv thaiv a txaws los yog tshuaj tsuag ntawm lub cev kua. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov khoom zoo Kev Kho Mob Lub Ntsej Muag Ntsej Muag cov kev xaiv uas muaj kev ruaj ntseg rau cov chav ua haujlwm.

Dab tsi yog qhov kev kho mob vs tsis yog kev kho mob daim npog qhov ncauj pom zoo rau ntau hom npog ntsej muag?

Cov chaw kuaj sim ntsuas seb cov khoom ntxiab zoo npaum li cas. Qhov no hu ua pom kev ua tau zoo. Peb saib ob lub ntsiab lus. Thawj yog Cov kab mob filtration efficiency. Peb hu qhov no BFE luv luv. Nws ntsuas seb cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kab mob zoo npaum li cas. Qhov thib ob yog Qhov qee qhov kev ua tau zoo. Peb hu qhov no Pfe. Nws ntsuas zoo npaum li cas nws nres me me, tsis muaj sia nyob.

Tus kho mob vs txhua hnub kev sib cav ntaub ntawv xaus ntawm no. Ib yam khoom tshaj lij yuav tsum tau qhab nia siab heev ntawm ob qhov kev xeem. Feem ntau, lawv yuav tsum ntaus 95% lossis 98% rau BFE thiab Pfe. Ib qho khoom siv ntaub yooj yim tsuas yog qhab nia 20% lossis 30%.

Tej no qib sib txawv ntawm particle trapping txhais tau tias txhua yam. Zoo daim npog qhov ncauj kev ua tau zoo cawm txoj sia. Yog tias cov khoom tsis tuaj yeem ntes cov kab mob, cov kab mob nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws. Qhov no yog vim li cas tsev kho mob xav tau cov lej pov thawj los ntawm lawv cov neeg muab khoom ua ntej kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus.

ASTM cov qauv txhais li cas lub npog ntsej muag thiab cov dej tsis kam?

Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, ib pab pawg tshwj xeeb tsim cov cai xeem. Cov American Society for Testing and Materials ua cov txheej txheem no. Cov neeg feem ntau tsuas yog hu nws ASTM. Lawv tsim ib qho kev qhia meej. Ib ASTM daim npog qhov ncauj muab cov neeg yuav khoom kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab. Lawv paub tseeb tias lawv tau txais dab tsi.

Txoj cai saib ob peb ntsej muag nta. Lawv ntsuam xyuas cov nplaim taws. Lawv sim seb koj ua pa tau yooj yim npaum li cas los ntawm cov khoom. Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, lawv sim dej tsis kam. Yog tias tus kws kho mob tau txua cov ntshav, cov ntshav tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lawv daim tawv nqaij.

Thaum lub Hoobkas lees tias lawv cov khoom ua tau raws li cov cai no, lawv yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj. Cov ASTM cov lus qhia ua kom muaj qhov sib xws. Txawm hais tias koj yuav los ntawm lub Hoobkas hauv Tebchaws Europe lossis cov chaw tsim khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj hauv Asia, tus qauv tseem zoo li qub.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm ASTM qib 1, qib 2, thiab qib 3 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg?

Cov qauv raug muab faib ua peb theem. Cov no muab txawv qib ntawm kev tiv thaiv tag nrho.
Ua ntej, peb muaj ASTM qib 1. Cov no yog rau cov xwm txheej uas pheej hmoo tsawg. Kev kho mob yooj yim qib 1 masks. Lawv muaj cov kuab paug thaiv lub zog thiab tsim nyog particle ntxiab.

Tom ntej no, peb nce mus rau qib 2. Kev kho mob nruab nrab qib 2 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Lawv muab kev tiv thaiv ntau dua rau cov kua dej. Lawv zoo heev rau cov dej num uas lub teeb tawg tuaj yeem tshwm sim, xws li nqus ntshav.

Thaum kawg, peb mus txog qib siab. ASTM qib 3 muaj kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws. Cov kua dej hnyav xav tau qib 3 phais qhov ncauj qhov ntswg. Lawv thaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob siab. Siv ASTM qib 3 qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yog qhov zoo rau kev phais mob hnyav uas muaj cov hlab ntsha lossis kev raug mob loj. Rau cov kev xav tau hnyav, a Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob Kho Mob Lub Ntsej Muag Kho Mob Khom Nqi uas ua tau raws li cov cai nruj no yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Vim li cas lub tshuab ua pa N95 yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua pa?

Qee zaum, kev thaiv cov kua dej tsis yog lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb. Thaum kho cov kab mob xws li tuberculosis, qhov txaus ntshai yog nyob hauv huab cua. Koj xav tau qhov tseeb kev tiv thaiv pa. Qhov no yog qhov twg lub ntsuas ua pa ci. Nws yog tsim los lim tawm 95% ntawm cov pa tawm.

Pom zoo los ntawm Lub koom haum National rau kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb (NIOSH), cov cuab yeej no tawv. Cov kev lim cov khoom yog tuab thiab engineered heev. Cov khoom siv kev lim tso siab rau tus nqi hluav taws xob los tuav cov kab mob me me uas ntab hauv huab cua.

Vim tias huab cua yog rub los ntawm cov lim tuab, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ua pa nyuaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tom qab ua haujlwm ntev. Tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv yog pov thawj. Lawv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej. Koj tuaj yeem saib peb cov qhab nia siab heev FFP2 daim npog ntsej muag 5 ply rau kev xaiv tiv thaiv huab cua muaj zog.

Thaum twg cov neeg ua haujlwm saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv yuav tsum siv lub tshuab nqus pa N95 thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov txheej txheem aerosol?

Qee yam kev kho mob ua kom muaj huab cua zoo. Tso lub raj ua pa rau hauv tus neeg mob lub caj pas yog ib qho piv txwv. Cov huab cua zoo no hu ua ib lub nkoj. Cov te me me no dai saum huab cua rau teev. Cov iav tsis tu ncua tsis tuaj yeem nres ib qho lub nkoj hem.

Koj yuav tsum siv lub tshuab ua pa thaum lub sij hawm tsim cov txheej txheem aerosol ib txwm. Cov Centers for Disease Control (CDC) tswj qhov no. Qhov tseeb, lub npe tag yog Lub Chaw rau Kev Tswj thiab Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob. Lawv hais tias cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum hnav Kev phais N95 lub tshuab ua pa.

Dab tsi ua rau "kev phais" N95 tshwj xeeb? Nws muab ob yam. Nws muaj qhov nruj haum thiab particle ntxiab ntawm N95. Tab sis nws kuj muaj cov kua dej hnyav thaiv ntawm qib 3 yam khoom. Nws yog daim thaiv qhov kawg rau cov haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob txaus ntshai tshaj plaws.

Lub luag haujlwm twg haum rau kev sim ua kom ntseeg tau lub ntsej muag zoo?

Lub lim zoo yog tsis muaj txiaj ntsig yog tias huab cua mus ncig nws. Cua khiav tawm ntawm lub sawv ntawm lub npog ntsej muag yog tias xoob. Yog li ntawd, Haum Kuaj yog qhov yuav tsum tau nruj. Cov Kev Ua Haujlwm Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv txoj cai no rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm hnav khaub ncaws nruj.

Thaum lub sij hawm sim haum, ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm tso rau ntawm lub iav. Ib tug tester sprays ib tug iab los yog qab zib pos huab rau saum huab cua. Yog tias tus neeg ua haujlwm saj nws, lub foob tawg. Cov iav yuav tsum kaw nruj nreem nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj. Nws yuav tsum pinch down nrees ib ncig ntawm lub qhov ntswg.

A Kaw ntsej muag haum thaiv cov pa tawm. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov kev xeem no ib xyoos ib zaug. Yog tias lawv poob phaus lossis loj hlob hwj txwv, lawv yuav tsum sim dua. Cov hwj txwv thawb cov npoo tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij, rhuav tshem lub foob.

Koj yuav txiav txim siab li cas lub npog ntsej muag muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tes?

Cov neeg ua haujlwm muag khoom ntsib cov kev xaiv nyuaj txhua hnub. Koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab seb lub npog ntsej muag twg ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua lub tsev kho mob tis. Koj yuav tsum phim nws rau lub tes hauj lwm. Koj tsis tuaj yeem muab txhua tus N95. Nws kim dhau thiab tsis xis nyob rau lub rooj ua haujlwm yooj yim.

Rau tus txais tos, ib qho yooj yim qib 1 loop style yog zoo meej. Nws muab qhov yooj yim Qhov Chaw Tswjhwm. Rau tus kws saib xyuas mob hauv chav xwm txheej ceev, a qib 3 zoo dua. Tej zaum lawv yuav ntsib ntshav tam sim ntawd. Rau tus kws kho mob nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kho mob tuberculosis, tsuas yog nruj nruj kev pa ntaus ntawv yuav ua.

Xaiv qhov txoj cai npog yog ib qho kev xaiv loj. Koj yuav tsum sib npaug nyiaj txiag, kev nplij siab, thiab kev nyab xeeb. Koj tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav ntau yam kev xaiv txhim khu kev qha, zoo li cov Shaohu cov khoom siv ntsej muag lub ntsej muag npog ntsej muag nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo, txhawm rau khaws txhua lub department kom raug.

Dab tsi yog qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cia thiab hloov lub npog ntsej muag siv nyob rau thaj chaw muaj kev pheej hmoo siab?

Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws iav ua tsis tau yog tias ua yuam kev. Cov no yog cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws ua raws. Ua ntej, tsis txhob kov pem hauv ntej ntawm ib Siv daim npog ntsej muag. Pem hauv ntej yog qias neeg. Ib txwm tshem nws los ntawm pob ntseg loops lossis ties.

Paub thaum twg lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg yuav tsum tau hloov ua rau koj nyab xeeb. Nws yuav tsum yog hloov ntawm cov neeg mob. Tsis txhob hnav cov khoom pov tseg tib yam los ntawm ib chav mus rau ib chav. Koj tuaj yeem kis kab mob. Yog tias cov khoom ntub dej los ntawm koj ua pa lossis hws, hloov nws. Cov khoom ntub dej poob nws kev lim zog.

Muab cov khoom qias neeg pov tseg rau hauv biohazard bin kom raug. Tsim nyog Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv cov cai hais tias koj yuav tsum ntxuav koj txhais tes tam sim ntawd tom qab tshem tawm ib qho twg Ppe. Zoo Cov Khoom Tiv Thaiv cwj pwm txwv tsis pub kis kab mob hauv chav ua haujlwm.