Njengamanje, ukulwa ezweni lonke kanye ne-pneumonia okubangelwa yi-novel coronavirus sekuqalile. Njengomugqa "wokuvikela wokuzivikela" wokuvikelwa komuntu siqu kwenhlanzeko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugqoka imaski ehlangabezana namazinga okuvimbela ama-ebidemic. Kusuka ku-N95 ne-KN95 kuya kumaski okuhlinzayo wezokwelapha, abantu abajwayelekile bangaba namabala athile angaboni ekukhetheni imaski. Lapha sifingqa amaphuzu olwazi enkundleni ejwayelekile ukukusiza uqonde umuzwa ojwayelekile wamaski. Yini izindinganiso zamaski?
Njengamanje, izindinganiso eziphambili zezwe lami lezimaski zifaka phakathi i-GB 2626-2019 amasimu. I-GB 2626-2019 "I-Respiratory Protection Defering Reftivance Revirative Repirator" kanye nokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe kwemishini yokuvikela yokuphefumula, kanye nokwenziwa, ukwakheka, ukubukeka, ukusebenza kahle kwama-masks uthuli.
I-GB 190833-2010 "Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zamaski avikelayo" zikhishwe ukuphathwa okujwayelekile kokuphathwa kwekhwalithi, ukuhlola kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu kanye nokuphathwa okujwayelekile kwezwe ngo-2010-09-02 futhi kusetshenziswe ngonyaka ka-2011-08-01. Leli Zinga licacisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe, izindlela zokuhlola, izimpawu nemiyalo yokusetshenziswa imaski yokuvikela ezokwelapha, kanye nokupakishwa, ukuthutha kanye nokugcinwa. Ilungele ukusetshenziswa endaweni yokusebenza yezokwelapha ukuhlunga izinhlayiya zomoya futhi ivimbe amaconsi, igazi, uketshezi lomzimba, izinkomba, njll. I-4.10 yeZinga iyanconywa, abanye baphoqelekile.
YY 04699-2011 Kuyindinganiso embonini yezemithi futhi izosetshenziswa ku-2013-06-01. Leli Zinga licacisa izidingo zobuchwepheshe, izindlela zokuhlola, ukumaka nemiyalo yokusebenzisa, ukupakisha, ukuthutha kanye nokugcinwa kwamaski okuhlinzayo wezokwelapha. Izinga lichaza ukuthi ukusebenza kahle kwamagciwane ama-masks akufanele kube ngaphansi kwama-95%.
I-GB / T 32610-2016 "Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe kwamaski avikela nsuku zonke" kukhishwe ukuphathwa okujwayelekile kokuphathwa kwekhwalithi, ukuhlola kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabantu kanye nokuphathwa okujwayelekile kwezwe ngo-2016-04-25. Yizinga lezwe lami lokuqala lemaski kazwelonke lezempi, ngo-2016-11 -Imininingwane ku-01. Izinga libandakanya izidingo ezibonakalayo ezifuywayo, izidingo zokubukeka, izidingo eziphambili zifaka izinkomba eziphambili zifaka izinkomba zokusebenza, nezinkomba zokumelana nezikhuthazayo. Izinga lidinga ukuthi imaski kufanele ikwazi ukuphepha ngokuphepha nangokuqina, futhi akufanele kube khona amakhona abukhali nemiphetho engathintwa. Inemiyalo enemininingwane ngezinto ezingadala ukulimala emizimbeni yabantu, njenge-formaldehyde, amadayi kanye nama-microorganisms, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umphakathi ungazigqoka. Ukuphepha lapho ugqoke imaski yokuvikela.
Yimiphi imaski ejwayelekile?
Manje imaski ebitshelwa kaningi ifaka phakathi i-KN95, N95, Imaski yokuhlinza yezokwelapha nokunye.
Owokuqala yi-KN95 Masks. Ngokusho kokuhlukaniswa kweNational Standard GB2626-2019 "I-Respiratory Propecting Defericle Replirator", imaski ihlukaniswe nge-KN kanye ne-KP ngokuya ngezinga lokuhlangenwe nakho kwento yokuhlunga. Uhlobo lwe-KP lufanelekile ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ezinamafutha, futhi uthayipha uhlobo kufanelekile ukuhlunga izinhlayiya ezingabili. Phakathi kwazo, lapho imaskhi ye-KN95 itholakala ngezinhlayiya ze-sodium chloride, ukusebenza kwayo kwe-filltration kufanele kube kukhulu noma okulingana no-95%, okungukuthi, ukusebenza kahle kwe-fieltration kwe-955 kukhulu noma kulingana no-95%.
Imaski engu-95 ingelinye lamaski ayisishiyagalolunye avikelayo aqinisekiswe yi-ninoosh (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuphepha Emsebenzini Nezempilo). "N" kusho ukungamelana namafutha. "95" Kusho ukuthi uma kuvezwa ngenombolo ecacisiwe yezinhlayiya ezikhethekile zokuhlola, okugxilwe ngaphakathi kumamaski kungaphezu kwama-95% aphansi kunalemaski ngaphandle kwemaski ngaphandle kwemaski ngaphandle kwemaski ngaphandle kwe-particle.
Bese kuba nama-masks okuhlinzayo wezokwelapha. Ngokwencazelo ye-YY 04699-2019 "Imaski yokuhlinza yezokwelapha", amaski ahlinzayo wezokwelapha "agqokwa yi-Clinical Medical Phambi kweziguli ezihlaselayo ukuhlinzeka ngoketshezi oluhlaselayo, ama-splashes asakazwa yimaski egqokwa ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha emsebenzini." Lolu hlobo lwemaski lusetshenziswa ezindaweni zezokwelapha ezifana nemitholampilo yezokwelapha, ama-laboratoratories, kanye namakamelo okusebenza, futhi ihlukaniswe ngesendlalelo samanzi, ungqimba lokuhlunga, nesendlalelo senduduzo kusuka ngaphandle kuya ngaphakathi.
Khetha imaski ngokwesayensi.
Ochwepheshe basho lokho ngaphezu kokuvikela ukuvikela okusebenzayo, ukugqoka imaski kumele futhi bakubheke ukunethezeka kowesifazane futhi kungalethi imiphumela emibi efana nezingozi zemvelo. Ngokuvamile, ukuqhubeka kokusebenza okuvikelayo kwemaski, kukhudlwana umthelela ekusebenzeni kwenduduzo. Lapho abantu begqoka imaskhi futhi behale, imaskhi inokumelana okuthile kokugeleza komoya. Lapho ukumelana nokuphefumula kwe-inhanation kukhulu kakhulu, abanye abantu bazozwa isiyezi, ukuqina kwesifuba nezinye izingozi.
Abantu abehlukene banezimboni ezihlukile kanye nama-physiciates, ngakho-ke banezidingo ezihlukile zokubekwa uphawu, ukuvikelwa, induduzo nokuvumelana nezimo. Abanye abantu abakhethekile, njengezingane, asebekhulile, nabantu abanezifo zokuphefumula kanye nezifo zenhliziyo, kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela uhlobo lwamaski. Esisekelweni sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha, gwema izingozi ezifana ne-hypoxia kanye nesiyezi lapho uzigqoka isikhathi eside.
Ekugcineni, ngikhumbuza wonke umuntu ukuthi noma ngabe hlobo luni lwama-mask, kufanele uluphathe kahle ngemuva kokusebenzisa, ukuze ungabi ngumthombo omusha wokutheleleka. Imvamisa lungiselela imaski embalwa bese ubeka esikhundleni sazo ukuze wakhe umugqa wokuqala wokuvikela ukuvikelwa kwezempilo. Nginifisela nonke impilo enhle!
Isikhathi sePosi: Jan-01-2021