Ama-respirator achithiwe vs. Imaski

Emhlabeni wemishini yokuzivikela komuntu (i-PPE), amagama athi "ukuphefumula" kanye ne- "Mask" ajwayele ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana. Kodwa-ke, kwimenenja yokuthengwa kwezibhedlela njengoMark Thompson e-USA, noma kunoma ngubani obhekele ukuphepha emsebenzini, umehluko yindaba yempilo nokufa. Imaski yokuhlinzwa elula akuyona into umdlaluvuzi. Ukuqonda Izinhlobo ezahlukene zabalingisi, ini ukuhlunga ubuso bekhasi , futhi kungani UNiosh ukuvunywa kuyindinganiso yegolide kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe iqiniso Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula. Njengomenzi ogama lakhe lingu-Allen, onemigqa eyisikhombisa yokukhiqiza eChina enikezelwe ekudleni kwezokwelapha, ngizibonele mathupha ukudideka nemiphumela yokukhetha imishini engalungile. Lo mhlahlandlela uzophonsa umhlaba we Ukuhlanza umoya okuhlanza umoya, chaza ubuchwepheshe ngemuva kwe vova abezindaba, futhi kukunikeze amandla ukuthi ukhethe okulungile umdlaluvuzi ngokuphepha kweqembu lakho.

Yini i-respirator futhi ihluke kanjani kuma-mask aphezulu wobuso?

Okokuqala, ake sicishe umbono omkhulu ongaqondile. Imaski ejwayelekile yokuhlinzwa, njenge Imaski yobuso bezokwelapha Siyakhiqiza, yenzelwe ikakhulukazi ukuvikela imvelo ukusuka le khasi umonile. Kwakha isithiyo sokumisa amaconsi avela kumuntu ogqokile ekhaleni nomlomo ekungcoleni isiguli noma insimu eyinyumba. Awenzelwe ukwakha uphawu oluqinile olubhekene nobuso futhi alwenzi ngempumelelo vova kuncane kakhulu izinhlayiya zomoya.

A umdlaluvuziNgakolunye uhlangothi, ucezu lwe okokuvikela komuntu okuvikelayo yakhelwe Vikela ogqokile ukusuka imvelo. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukuvikela ukuphefumula okuyingozi umoya womoya izinto, kufaka phakathi uthuli, fumes, amaphutha, igesi, futhi umhwamuko. Isici esiyisihluthulelo se umdlaluvuzi amandla ayo ukwakha uphawu oluqinile ebusweni bomsebenzisi, ukuphoqa umoya ohlolwe phansi ukuze udlule kuwo vova impahla. Lo ngumehluko oyisisekelo: Imaski isithiyo esivulekile sokulawulwa komthombo, ngenkathi a umdlaluvuzi idivaysi evuthayo eqinile ye Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula.

Kungani i-nivoosh ivuma isilinganiso segolide sokuvikelwa kokuphefumula?

Lapho ngithola i-a umdlaluvuzi Ukusetshenziswa e-United States, igama elilodwa limi ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye: Kuvunyiwe uNiosh. UNiosh, the I-National Institute yokuphepha emsebenzini Futhi ezempilo, yi-U.S. Inhlangano yeFederal ebhekele ukuhlolwa kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphendula. A umdlaluvuzi okutholile UNiosh ukuvunywa kuye kwafuna ukuhlolwa okuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ihlangabezana namazinga aqinile Ukusebenza kahle kwe-FILTRATION, ukuphefumula, nekhwalithi yokwakha.

Lesi sitifiketi asisona nje ukusikisela; Kuyisidingo se ukuphepha emsebenzini ngaphansi kwa- Osha (Imithethonqubo Yokuphepha Emsebenzini kanye Nezempilo). Uma a indawo yokusebenza -khwithithita Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula, kufanele basebenzise ama-respirators ahlangana le khasi UNiosh standard. Njengomenzi wathumela eNyakatho Melika, siqinisekisa imikhiqizo yethu efanelekile, njenge I-n95 respirator, hlangana nalezi zidingo eziqinile. Le khasi UNiosh Ukuvunyelwa Ukumaka ku umdlaluvuzi noma ukupakishwa kwayo kuyisiqinisekiso sakho sokuthi idivaysi izonikeza okushiwoyo Izinga lokuvikelwa. Ungahlala uqinisekisa isitifiketi ngokubheka Uhlu lwe-Ninoosh Certified Equipment (CEL).

Ukulahlwa kwe-vs revirators okutholakalayo: okulungile emsebenzini wakho?

Ama-respirators ngokuvamile awela ezigabeni ezimbili: ukulahlwa na- -hlungeziwe. A Ukuphefumula okulahlayo, eyaziwa nangokuthi a ukuhlunga i-Face Phieche Respirator (FFR), iyisilimo esingasindi umdlaluvuzi lapho lonke iyunithi lulahlwa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa. Le khasi I-N95 yisibonelo esidume kakhulu se-a Ukuphefumula okulahlayo. Lokhu kwenzelwe ukuvikela ukuvikela phithananasisa izingozi futhi zivame ukusetshenziswa Izilungiselelo Zokunakekelwa Kwezempilo nokwakha.

Ukuphefumula okungakaze kube khona, ngokuhlukile, isici esiqinile uhlangenwe (a Half Half packiece ukumboza impumulo nomlomo noma umlomo Ubuso obugcwele lokho kufaka Ukuvikelwa kwamehlo) Kwenziwe nge-silicone noma irabha. Leli uhlangenwe ingahlanzwa futhi isetshenziswe kaninginingi. Into evikelayo ivela ekushintsheni Ama-cartridge noma izihlungi. Ungakhetha okuqondile igobolondo ukuvikela ngokuqondile inkatho, njenge-organic I-Vapor Cartridge, i-acid igovini kaphethiloli, noma i-P100 Isihlungi Soxhumanisi. Ukuphefumula okungakaze kube khona Nikeza ukuguquguquka okungeziwe kwezindawo ezinezingozi eziningi noma eziphakeme zokuhlushwa kepha zidinga uhlelo lokugcina oluthintekayo.

Ukuhlobisa i-N95: Yini ukuhlunga i-Face Phieches Respirators (FFRs)?

Igama I-N95 usephenduke igama lendlu, kepha ngokwezigaba zokuqinisekisa zohlobo oluthile lwe Ukuphefumula okulahlayo: The ukuhlunga i-Face Phieche Respirator (Ffr). Lezi izi Ukuhlanza umoya okuhlanza umoya leyo Hlunga izinhlayiya kusuka emoyeni njengoba uphefumula. Konke uhlangenwe ye umdlaluvuzi yenziwa vova impahla. Ukuqokwa kwe- "N95" kusuka UNiosh ngokuqondile kusho umdlaluvuzi vova ine Ukusebenza kahle kwe-FILTRATION okungenani ama-95% ngokumelene no-nol-oily izinhlayiya zomoya.

UNiosh wavuma ama-FFRs woza abaningi Izimo nosayizi ukulingana nobuso obuhlukahlukene. Abanye bangase babe ne I-valve yokuphefumula, ichopho elincane lepulasitiki elivala lapho umonile kuvula futhi kuvuleka lapho bephuma. Le valve ayiyekeli ogqokile ukuvikelwa futhi kungaba yenza i-respirator ibe ntofoke kakhudlwana ukugqoka ngokunciphisa ukushisa nokushisa umswakama ngaphakathi kwe uhlangenwe. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi nge-FFR ukuya emsebenzini, I-FFRS seal ngokumelene nobuso bakho, ukuphoqa wonke umoya ngokusebenzisa vova. Noma imaphi ama-caps ngenxa yezinwele zobuso noma ukufaneleka okungafanele kuzonikeza umdlaluvuzi ayisebenzi.

Ngabe izilinganiso ze-niosh (n, r, k, 95, 99, 100) empeleni zisho?

Amakhodi abonakala ekhanya e-a I-Ninoosh ivunyelwe empeleni uhlelo lokuhlukaniswa oluqondile. Bakutshela izinto ezimbili nge umdlaluvuzi vova: Ukumelana kwalo uwoyela kanye nakho ukuzokulungwa Ukusebenza kahle.

Nakhu ukuqhekeka okulula:

• Incwadi (ukumelana kawoyela):

  • N: Not ukumelana namafutha. Lolu uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olusetshenziselwe phithananasisa mandaba uthuli, ama-allergen, namagciwane asolwandle. Le khasi I-n95 respirator yisibonelo sakudala.
  • R: Ri-exis to oyela. Ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinamaphutha onamafutha, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvame ukukhawulelwa ekushintsheni amahora angu-8.
  • P: Amafutha Puphahla. Ingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinezinhlayiya ezenzelwe uwoyela zezikhathi ezeluliwe, njengoba kuchaziwe ngumenzi.

• Inombolo (ukusebenza kahle kwe-Filtration):

  • 95: Kuhlunga okungenani ama-95% we izinhlayiya zomoya.
  • 99: Kuhlunga okungenani ama-99% we izinhlayiya zomoya.
  • 100: Kuhlunga okungenani ama-99.97% we izinhlayiya zomoya. Leli izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le phithananasisa Ukuhlunga futhi kulingana ne-hepa vova. A P100 vova inikeza izinga eliphakeme kakhulu le phithananasisa Ukuvikelwa kwe Ukuhlanza umoya okuhlanza umoya.

Ngakho-ke, a P100 umdlaluvuzi noma igobolondo ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kobufakazi bowoyela nge-99.97% ukusebenza kahle ngokumelene nezinhlayiya, ngenkathi i I-N95 Ukuphefumula okulahlayo ihlinzeka ngokusebenza kahle kwama-95% futhi ayikho Ukumelana namafutha.

Yini ama-respirators okuhlanza umoya nge-cartridge noma ukuhlunga?

Ngaphandle kwe Ukuphefumula okulahlayo, unayo Ukuphefumula okungakaze kube khona esebenzisa inhlanganisela ye uhlangenwe kanye a igobolondo noma vova. Lokhu kungukusebenza kwezimboni Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula. Le khasi uhlangenwe ihlinzeka ngophawu, kanye igobolondo ingabe ukuphakanyiswa okunzima kokuhlanza umoya. A igobolondo yisitsha esigcwele izinto ezibonakalayo, njengekhabhoni eyenziwe yasebenza, ethatha okuthile igesi noma umphunga. A vova, njenge P100 iphunga vova, yakhelwe ukuthwebula kuphela phithananasisa ndaba.

Inzuzo enkulu yalolu hlelo ukuguquguquka kwayo. Isisebenzi singasebenzisa okufanayo -hlungeziwe I-Face Phieches Respirator Kepha shintshana igobolondo ngokuya ngomsebenzi. Ngolunye usuku bangase badinge igobolondo nge-organic umhwamuko Ngenkathi upenda, futhi olandelayo bangakwazi ukunamathisela a Isihlungi Soxhumanisi ukuhlanganisa. Ama-cartridge amaningi angama-cartridges ahlanganisiwe, evikela kokubili igesi kanye nomphunga kanye nezinhlayiyana. Abaphathi bokuthengwa kwempahla, lokhu kusho ukuphatha ukusungulwa kwazo zombili izinhlaka zobuso kanye nezinye igobolondo na- vova Izinhlobo ezidingekayo zengozi ekhethekile yendawo yakho. Izinkampani ezithanda O. 3um Nikeza a Ukukhetha okubanzi kwalezi zinhlelo.

Uyini umphefumulo onikeziwe noma i-SCBA okuwukuphela kwendlela?

Konke ama-respirators namaski Sixoxile kuze kube manje Ukuhlanza umoya okuhlanza umoya. Basebenza ngokuhlunga okungcola emoyeni emvelweni. Kepha kuthiwani uma umoya uqobo uyinkinga? Ezindaweni ezingenampilo-moya-mpilo (ngaphansi kuka-19,5% oklygen) noma lapho ukugxila okucasulayo kuba yingozi khona empilweni noma empilweni (i-idlh), a Ukuhlanza umoya okuhlanza umoya ngeke isebenze. Kulezi zimo, udinga a umdlaluvuzi lokho kuhlinzeka ngokwayo Ukunikezwa komoya.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili. A Isimo sokuphefumula esinikeziwe ihambisa umoya ophefumulayo ku umonile nge-hose ende exhunywe emthonjeni womoya ohlanzekile. Uhlobo oluthuthuke kakhulu lwe Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula yi- I-Apparatus yokuphefumula equkethe okuqukethwe (SCBA). Lolu uhlobo olufanayo lwe amalungiselelo Izicishamlilo zisebenzisa, lapho umonile uphethe ithangi emoyeni elicindezelwe emhlane wabo. I-SCBA inikeza okuphezulu kakhulu Izinga lokuvikelwa kokuphefumula Ngoba kuzimele ngokuphelele esimweni esiseduze.

Ngabe ukhetha kanjani ukuphefumula okulungile kwezingozi ezithile zomoya?

Le khasi Ukukhetha okufanele of a umdlaluvuzi inqubo ehlelekile okufanele ibe yingxenye ebhaliwe Uhlelo Lokuvikelwa Lokuphefumula. Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhomba ingozi. Ingabe kunjalo phithananasisa njenge-silica uthuli noma a funivana kusuka ekushiseni? Ingabe kunjalo igesi njenge-chlorine noma a umhwamuko kusuka ku-solvent? Noma ingabe inhlanganisela?

Lapho ingozi yaziwa, kufanele unqume ukugxila kwayo. Ngokusekelwe kulolu lwazi, ungakhetha i- Ukuphefumula kwesokudla. Kokujwayelekile phithananasisa izingozi ngaphansi kokuhlushwa okuthile, a ukulahlwa I-n95 respirator kuvame ukuwanele. Ngokuqondile igesi noma umphunga, uzodinga a Ukuphefumula okungakahleleki ngamakhemikhali afanele igobolondo. Hlala uthintana nemiyalo yomenzi futhi Osha Imihlahlandlela. Isibonelo, eminye imithetho ingadinga a Ubuso obugcwele umdlaluvuzi ngaphezulu a isigamu-mask ukuhlinzeka ngento ephakeme yokuvikela. Uhlelo olubanzi lwe-PPE luhlanganisa nezinye izinto ezifana izigqoko zokuhlukaniswa ukuvikela ukumelana nezingozi zokuxhumana kanye nezingozi zokuxhumana.

Ukubaluleka okubucayi kwesivivinyo esifanelekile kunoma yisiphi isimo sokuphefumula ubuso

Ungaba nokuthuthuka kakhulu P100 igobolondo noma i-top-of-the-line I-n95 respirator, kepha uma kungabonakali kahle ogqokile ubuso, cishe bungasizi ngalutho. Yingakho Osha idinga ukuhlolwa okufanele ngaphambi kwe umonile isebenzisa ukuqina okuqinile umdlaluvuzi endaweni engcolile futhi ngonyaka ngemuva kwalokho. Ukuhlolwa okulungile kuhlola setha ubuso bakho nxazonke imiphetho ye umdlaluvuzi.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlolwa okulungile. Ukuhlolwa okufanelekile kuthembela emqondweni we-feeter wokunambitheka noma wephunga lokuthola ukuvuza. Ukuhlolwa kwesilinganiso kusebenzisa umshini ukukala inani langempela lokuvuza ku uhlangenwe. I-fit efanele ibalulekile kangangokuba noma yini ephazamisana nophawu, njengentshebe, ayivunyelwe lapho egqoke ukufaneleka okuqinile umdlaluvuzi. Lesi sinyathelo siqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yokuvikela empeleni ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa.

Yini okufanele uyibheke kumkhiqizi wezimo ezilahliwe

Ukuze umthengi njengoMark, uhlanganyele nomkhiqizi ofanele ukhiye. Lapho ngithola khona Ama-respirators alahlayo, ikakhulukazi kusuka phesheya kwezilwandle, kunezinto eziningana okufanele ziqinisekise. Okokuqala nokubaluleke kakhulu, kufunwa ubufakazi be UNiosh ukuvunywa. Cela inombolo ye-TC (Ukuhlola kanye Nesitifiketi) ngokuqondile umdlaluvuzi imodeli futhi uyiqinisekise ku- Uhlu lwemishini ye-Ninoosh Certified.

Beyond Certification, buza ngohlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yomenzi (QMS). Ngabe baqinisekisiwe i-ISO 9001? Ngemikhiqizo yebanga lezokwelashwa, ingabe ahambisana ne-ISO 13485? Funa umlingani osobala ngezinto zawo nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ingomane 3M ukuphefumula okulahlayo Noma eminye imikhiqizo emikhulu, lolu lwazi lutholakala kalula. Kwabanye abahlinzeki, kungumsebenzi wakho ukubuza. Umkhiqizi othembekile ngeke abe nanzima ukuhlinzeka ngemibhalo futhi abonise ukuzibophezela kukho ukuphepha emsebenzini kanye nempilo. Bayaqonda ukuthi ikhwalithi yazo umdlaluvuzi ixhumene ngqo nempilo yomsebenzisi wokugcina. Siyaziqhenya ngalokhu kuvela obala, ukuhlinzeka ngamaketanga wokuhlinzekwa okucacile nokwethembekile kwabalingani bethu e-US, eYurophu nase-Australia.

Ukuthathwa Key

• I-Respirator vs Mask: A umdlaluvuzi kuvikela umonile ngokuhlunga umoya ohanjisiwe futhi kudinga uphawu oluqinile. Imaski iyisithiyo esivuselelayo esivikela imvelo kumaconsi acwebezelayo.
• UNiosh ubalulekile: Ingomane indawo yokusebenza Sebenzisa ku-U.S., a umdlaluvuzi kumele Kuvunyiwe uNiosh. Lesi sitifiketi siqinisekisa ukuzokulungwa ukusebenza.
• Ukulahlwa vs. Reusable: Ukulahlwa okulahlwayo ukuhluzeka kobuso be-Face PhiecePieche (njenge I-N95) ngeze phithananasisa izingozi futhi zilahlwa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa. Ukuphefumula okungakaze kube khona Sebenzisa okuhlala isikhathi eside uhlangenwe ngokungena esikhundleni Ama-cartridge noma izihlungi Kwabahlukahlukene igesi, umhwamuko, futhi inhlanganisela izingozi.
• Qondisisa izilinganiso: Incwadi (n, r, p) ibonisa ukumelana kawoyela, nenombolo (95, 99, 100) ikhombisa ubuncane Ukusebenza kahle kwe-Filtration.
• Kufanele konke: A umdlaluvuzi kumele ihlolwe kahle ku umonile ukuqinisekisa uphawu oluqinile. Ngaphandle kwe-seal enhle, okungcono kakhulu umdlaluvuzi inikeza ukuvikela okuncane.
• Qinisekisa umphakeli wakho: Qinisekisa njalo UNiosh Ukuqinisekiswa kanye nokubuza ngezinhlelo zokuphathwa kwekhwalithi lapho zithola khona Ukuvikelwa kokuphefumula.