Isikhokelo sokugqibela sokujongana neemaski kunye ne-N95 Aspirators kukhathalelo lwempilo-Zhongxing

Kwilizwe lokuthengwa kwezonyango, zimbalwa izinto ezisisiseko njengesiseko njengobuso imaski. Ukusuka elula imaski ye-sugical Ukuya kufanelekileyo Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95, ukuqonda i-nueces ayisiyo malunga nokuthotyelwa - malunga nokukhusela ubomi. Njengomphathi wokuthengwa kwempahla, ukwindawo engaphambili yokufumana izilwanyana, kunye nezigqibo ozenzayo zinempembelelo ngqo kwizigulana zombini kwaye ukhathalelo lwempilo iingcali. Esi sikhokelo senzelwe wena. Njenge-allen, umenzi ophantsi kweshumi leminyaka elinamava avelisa izinto ezinokuchitheka kwezonyango kwiimakethi zehlabathi ezifana ne-USA naseYurophu, ndifuna ukusika isiphithiphithi. Siza kuphonononga okwahlukileyo Iindidi zeemaski, chaza imigaqo, kwaye unike ulwazi olusebenzayo lokukunceda ufunde ngokuzithemba. Eli asilo elinye inqaku; Kujongwa emva kwekhethini ukusuka kumzi mveliso, lwenzelwe ukuphendula imibuzo yakho yokucinezela.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kwemaski yokuhlinqwa kunye ne-N95 yokuphefumla?

Ekuqaleni, a imaski ye-sugical kunye ne Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 Ingabonakala ifana, kodwa imisebenzi yawo, uyilo, kwaye ijolise ekusetyenzisweni ngamahlabathi. A imaski ye-sugical kukufanelekelwa okukhulu, ilahla isixhobo esidala isithintelo somzimba phakathi komlomo kunye nempumlo ye sine kunye nokungcola okunokubakho kwimeko ebonakalayo. Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukuvimba i-particle uphosa Uthuthuzelo, njengokukhwaza okanye ukutshiza, ukukhusela abanye ukukhutshwa kokuphefumla komthendeleko. Imaski ye-subgeol yenziwa Ilaphu elingengowalukiweyo kwaye lihlala lisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezingenantlonelo ngexesha lezonyango Khusela isigulana kunye nengcali yezempilo evela kwi Ukudluliselwa kwee-microorganisms, ulwelo lomzimba, kwaye Izinto zexabiso. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yelitye elihle, kuhlala kunjalo umsantsa phakathi kwe Imiphetho yemaski kunye nobuso, oko kuthetha ukuba ayinikezeli ngokukhuselekileyo okuphefumlayo umoya amasuntswana.

A Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95, kwelinye icala, ngu ukuphefumla Isixhobo esikhuselayo esiyilelwe ukufezekisa kakhulu Vala ubuso ngobuso kwaye isebenza kakhulu ukuthoba ye umoya amasuntswana. Ukuchongwa kwe "N95" kuthetha ukuba xa uphantsi kuvavanyo ngononophelo, i umphenyi Iibhloko ubuncinci ziipesenti ezingama-95 zencinci kakhulu (0.3 micron) zovavanyo lwamasuntswana. Oku kwenza i Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 isebenza ngokuchasene namasuntswana amakhulu kunye amancinci. Ngokungafaniyo ne imaski ye-sugical, a Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 yenzelwe ukutywina ngokuqinileyo ebusweni, enyanzeliswa i-valed kunye nomoya ophelileyo ukuba udlule kuyo isihluzo isixhobo. Le tywina eliqinileyo libalulekile ekusebenzeni kwalo. Ngenxa yoku, kuthathwa njengezixhobo zobuqu (I-PPE) Yenzelwe isetyenziselwa ukukhusela i sine ukusuka ekubonakaliseni ukufumana amandla anengozini.

Ukuyibeka nje, a imaski ye-sugical Kukhusela indalo ukusuka i sine, ngelixa Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 ukhusela i sine ukusuka indlela eyiyo. Njengomphathi wokuthengwa kwempahla, ukuqonda eli mahluko linyathelo lokuqala ekuqinisekiseni izixhobo zakho zinikezelwa ngohlobo olufanelekileyo lwe imaski Umsebenzi olungileyo. Awuyi kusebenzisa inkqubo elula imaski Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-aerosol, kwaye awuyifunanga indleko I-N95 Indwendwe elahambahamba phantsi kweholo. Ukwenza ukhetho oluchanekileyo lungenza ukhuseleko kunye nokulawula iindleko ngokufanelekileyo.

Zilawulwa njani iimaski zezonyango kwizisenzo ezahlukeneyo zezempilo?

Ummiselo we Imaski yezonyango yinkangeleko ebaluleke kakhulu echaphazela isigulana kunye nokukhuseleka kwabafundi, kwaye iyahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe imaski kwaye i ukuseta. Kwi U.S., Ulawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi (Fda) kunye neZiko leSizwe lokhuseleko emsebenzini kunye neMpilo (I-niosh), Inxalenye ye I-CDC, yimizimba yokuqala leyo lawula ezi mveliso. Yinkqubo emibini enokuthi idideke, kodwa iyaqinisekisa ukuba nganye nganye imaski Dibanisa imigangatho ethile yokusebenza yokusetyenziswa kwayo. Iingcali zokuthengwa kwempahla, le ayisiyiteyiphu ebomvu nje; Kukuqinisekiswa komgangatho kunye nokhuseleko.

Imaski ye-subgical, umzekelo, zilawulwa ngu Fda njengezixhobo zonyango zeklasi. Kuya kufuneka bafeze iimfuno ezithile ze Ukhuseleko lweerringi kwaye ukuthoba ukusebenza kakuhle. I FdaUmmiselo ongaphantsi I-21 cfr 878.4040 chaza imigangatho yezi Inkqubo yezonyango imaski. Bavavanywa izinto ezinje nge-bacrintery of firtiry (BFE), ukuSebenza kweMililo Oku kuqinisekisa i imaski inokumelana ne-splashes yegazi okanye ezinye izinto ezosulelayo ngexesha lenkqubo. A imaski yiyo i Icinyiwe ikubonelela ngentembelo yokuba iphinde yaqwalaselwa ngokhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ukuze kusetyenziswe kwi Ukuseta kwezempilo. Ezi ziintlobo zoMgangatho Ukulahla i-3-pily yonyango lwe-Masks kunye neendlebe-lops Oko kubalulekile ukuba kukhathalele izigulana ngokubanzi kunye nolawulo losulelo.

Ukuphefumla kobume bemigqaliselo (Ffrs), njenge I-N95s, zilawulwa ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukuba zenzelwe ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweshishini (njengokwakha), bagcinile I-niosh phantsi I-42 cfr yenxalenye 84. I-niosh Uvavanyo kwaye uqinisekisile ukuba aba bantu baphetheyo bahlangabezane nobuncinci bemigangatho kunye nemigangatho yokwakha. Nangona kunjalo, xa i Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwi Ukuseta kwezempilo Ukukhusela kwi-Airborg Patone, kufuneka ifezekise iimfuno ze zombini I-niosh kwaye i Fda. Ezi zixhobo ziqinisekisiweyo zaziwa ngokuba Ii-regical N95 abaqhubi. Babonelela ngokukhuselwa kokuphefumla kwe I-N95 kunye nokukhuselwa kwesithintelo se-fluad ye imaski ye-sugical.

Ngaba ungayichaza i-niosh kunye neendima ze-FDA kwimvume yemaski?

Ukuqonda iindima ezahlukeneyo ze I-niosh kwaye i Fda Ibaluleke kakhulu kulo naluphi na ulawulo lokuthenga ngokutsha lokukhusela ukuphefumla. Cinga ngabo njengezodwa ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza ukusuka kwii-engile ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. IZiko likaZwelonke le Ukhuseleko emsebenzini kunye neMpilo (I-niosh) Ngaba iarhente yophando igxile ekukhuseleni kwabasebenzi. Indima yayo ephambili malunga nokuphefumla kukuvavanya kwaye uqinisekise ukuba bahlangabezana nokwakha ngokungqongqo, ukuthoba, kunye nemigangatho yokusebenza. Xa ubona i I-niosh imvume kwi Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95, oko kuthetha ukuba imaski Ivavanyiwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-Filters ikhuphe ubuncinci i-95% yamasuntswana angoonobumba abangelilo. Esi siqinisekiso simalunga nokukhusela umsebenzi-kule meko, ukhathalelo lwempilo ubungcali.

Ulawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi (Fda), kwelinye icala, lilawula Imaski yezonyango kwaye izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukuba zikhuselekile kwaye ziyasebenza kwimpilo yoluntu. Ye imaski ye-sugical okanye a utyando n95, FdaInzala isetyenziselwa njengesixhobo sonyango. I Fda uphonononge ezi mveliso nge Isaziso seNkuluvo [510 (k)] Ukungeniswa ukufumanisa ukuba bakhuselekile ukuba basebenzise kunyango Useto lononophelo. I FdaUkucaciswa kujolise kwipropathi efana nokuchasana nokunganyangeki kwe-fluid, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo azisayi kukhuthaza ulusu), kunye nokuvutha. I FdaIndima ye lawula i imaski Njengomqobo ukukhusela ngokuchasene noSplashe, iiprays, kunye neempuphu ezinkulu, ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lonyango Inkqubo yokukhusela bobabini isigulana kunye noMboneleli.

Ke, ukushwankathela:

• I-niosh uqinisekisa i umphenyiUkukwazi ukubona isihluzo Amasuntswana e-Airborne ukukhusela i sine.
• Fda susa a imaski ye-sugical okanye utyando n95 Ukusetyenziswa kwayo njengesixhobo sonyango, kugxile kubuchule bayo bokwenza into njenge isithintelo se-fluid.

Imveliso esemgangathweni Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 kuphela I-niosh imvume. Kodwa a utyando n95 iimfuno zombini I-niosh Ukuvunywa kweZakhono zayo zoLinga kwaye Fda Imvume yokusetyenziswa kwayo njengesixhobo sokunganyangeki. Njengomthengi, ukuba ufuna umphenyi igumbi lokusebenza okanye ezinye iisetingi kunye nomngcipheko wokuvezwa kwamanzi, kufuneka ujonge i imaski inazo zombini iziqinisekiso.

Kutheni le nto ifanelekile ukuba ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-N95 yokuphefumla?

A Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 isebenza kuphela njengetywina layo. Ngelixa isihluzo Imithombo yeendaba yenzelwe ukuvimba ubuncinci i-95% yamasuntswana, eli nqanaba lokukhusela lingakhathalelwanga ngokupheleleyo ukuba umoya unokuvuza kwi Imiphetho yemaski. Lo ngowona mahluko omnye obaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwe umphenyi kunye nomgangatho Imaski yobuso. A imaski ye-sugical Iidraphu zikhululekile ebusweni, kodwa a Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 Injini ye Vala ubuso ngobuso. Ngaphandle kwetywina eliqinileyo, umoya ongcolileyo uya kulandela indlela yokunganyangeki, ukugqitha isihluzo kunye nokungena kwindawo yokuphefumla yediliya nge umsantsa. Oku kuthoba injongo yokunxiba gwenxa umphenyi.

Ukufezekisa kufanelekile ngokufanelekileyo kubandakanya amanyathelo aliqela. Okokuqala, umphenyi kufuneka ube nobungakanani obuchanekileyo kunye nobume bobuso bomsebenzisi. Ayizizo zonke izinto ezifanayo, zeso sizathu sokuba abavelisi banikezela ngeemodeli kunye nobungakanani. Okwesibini, sine kufuneka iqeqeshelwe ukuba inxibe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ikhuphe imaski. Oku kubandakanya ukugoba i-thriece ukuthoba ibhulorho ye impumlo kunye nomlomo indawo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba imitya ikwindawo efanelekileyo. Okokugqibela, kuba emsebenzini sebenzisa kwi U.S., I-Osha ifuna abasebenzi ukuba baphumelele uvavanyo olufanelekileyo. Le yinkqubo esesikweni ejonga ukuvuza itywina. Izinto ezifana iinwele zobuso inokuphazamisa itywina, yenza uvavanyo olululo alunakwenzeka kwaye unikezele umphenyi ukungasebenzi.

Njengomphathi okhohlakeleyo, uxanduva lwakho lwanda ngaphaya kokuthenga nje I-N95s. Imalunga nokuqinisekisa ukuba umbutho wakho unenkqubo yokuphefumla ebanzi. Oku kuthetha ukubonelela ngokwahlukileyo umphenyi Iimodeli zokuhlalisa izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zobuso kunye nokuxhasa uprophetha ezifanelekileyo zoqeqesho kunye neeprothokholi ezifanelekileyo. Ixabiso eliphantsi Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 Ayifanelanga nabani na ukuba angabizi; Nguxanduva. Ukunxibelelana nomnikezeli wakho malunga nobungakanani beentlobo kunye neemilo abanikezela yinxalenye ephambili yokwenza intengiso yolwazi. Umenzi onokuthenjwa kufuneka akwazi ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha eziqikelelweyo kwaye axhase inkqubo yovavanyo lwendawo yakho.

Zeziphi ii-regical N95 abaqhuba ngayo kwaye ziyimfuneko nini?

A Utyando n95 yintshatsheli ye-hybrid ye Imaski yezonyango, ukuhambisa olona nqanaba luphezulu lokukhuselwa ekufumaneni Useto lokhathalelo lwempilo. Idibanisa amanqaku omgangatho Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 kunye ne imaski ye-sugical. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayiboneleli kuphela ukhuseleko lwe-niosh Icinyiwe njenge Iklasi II Isixhobo sonyango sokumelana nokungenelela. Cinga ngayo njenge I-N95 inxibe i-raincoat. Yenzelwe Khusela isigulana kunye nengcali yezempilo (I-HCP) Ngexesha lenkqubo apho kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wohambo lwee-withbornernernernernernerner kunye ne-spish okanye i-sprays yegazi kwaye ulwelo lomzimba.

Ezi njongo ziphindwe kabini Yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa Kwiimeko apho ukungena kunye nokukhuselwa komoya kunye nolwelo yinto enkulu. Oku kubandakanya amagumbi okusebenza, amasebe kaxakeka ngexesha lokhathalelo loxinzelelo, kwaye ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-aerols kwizigulana ezinesifo esaziwayo okanye esirhanelwayo. I Ukusasazeka kweCovide-19 ndibandezelekile Utyando n95 Ukugxila kabukhali, njengoko oko kufundisela ukhuselo olubanzi kwintsholongwane edluliselwe kuwo omabini amacombu kunye ne-aerosols. I Isithintelo se-fluid okanye ukusebenza ngokuqinileyo Kule maski kuvavanyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba babonelela ngekhaka elinokuthenjwa.

Xa kufuneka, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba imaski Intengiso njenge "Utyando n95"Iqinisekiswe ngokwenene zombini I-niosh kwaye i Fda. Kuya kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana a I-niosh Inombolo yemvume kwi umphenyi ngokwayo (E.G., TC-84A-XXXX) kwaye uqinisekise ukuba icinyiwe yi Fda phantsi Ikhowudi yemveliso msh. Ukusebenza nomthengisi ocacileyo onokuthi anike amaxwebhu ngaphandle kokuthandabuza. Ngelixa aba baphembeli betyala bebiza kakhulu, bayinto ebalulekileyo I-PPE Kwingozi enkulu Useto lononophelo, kwaye ukulala kumgangatho wabo ayisiyo inketho.

Ngaba i-valve ekhuphayo kwi-respirator yourypide kwilungiselelo leklinikhi?

I-valves ye-ench kwi umphenyi yinto eyenzelwe ukuthuthuzelwa, kodwa zineziphumo ezibalulekileyo ukuze zisetyenziswe kwi Ukuseta kwezempilo. A ivalve yi-flap yendlela enye evula xa sine Phuma, uvumele umoya ofudumeleyo, omanzi ukuba ubalekele ngokulula. Oku kwenza i umphenyi Ukukhululeka kakhulu ukunxiba ixesha elide kwaye kunciphisa isakhiwo sobushushu ngaphakathi imaski. Abasebenzi bemizi-mveliso, njengalabo basebenzi okanye ukuvelisa, le yinto ebalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yezonyango, ngakumbi ukulawula umthombo, okufanayo ivalve iba yingxaki enkulu.

Umcimbi kukuba IVenkile yokuThumela Ivumela amathole anokuphefumla engafunekiyo agxothwa ngokuthe ngqo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ngelixa ivalve ayicimi ukukhuselwa komntu onxibe i umphenyi, iyayifaka ngokupheleleyo injongo yemaski ekuthinteleni i sine Ukusasaza abanye iintsholongwane. Kwintsimi ye-sterle okanye xa ekhathalela izigulana ezintle, lo ngumngcipheko ongamkelekiyo. Ngexesha le I-COVID 19 Ubhubhane, I-CDC kucetyiswa ngokucacileyo ngokuchasene nokusebenzisa ii-respirators nge I-valves ye-ench yolawulo lomthombo, njengoko benza kancinci nceda unciphise Ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane kumntu owosulelekileyo.

Ke ngoko, phantse bonke Useto lokhathalelo lwempilo, ii-resitors nge I-valves ye-ench ayifanelekanga. Xa u nxiba ubuso imaski Esi sibhedlele okanye eklinikhi, injongo ineentsimbi ezimbini: Zikhusele kwaye ukhusele abo bakungqongileyo. Ixabisiwe umphenyi Kukufezekisa kuphela injongo yokuqala. Njengomphathi wokuthengwa kwempahla, le yinkcukacha ezinqabileyo zokujonga. Ngaphandle kokuba uyithenge inxenye emsebenzini Umsebenzi apho ulawulo lomthombo aluyonto ixhalabisayo ukhathalelo lwempilo), kuya kufuneka usoloko ukhetha I-N95s okanye abanye abantu abaqhubayo ngaphandle a ivalve. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uyabonelela ukhuseleko olungcono Kwindawo yonke enkundleni.

Yintoni endifanele ndiyijonge xa ​​iphinde yafumana imaski yezonyango evela phesheya?

Ukufunwa Imaski yezonyango Ukusuka kuMvelisi kwilizwe elinjenge-China linokuba yingenelo ngokweendleko kunye nevolumu, kodwa ifuna ukukhuthala kunye nesicwangciso esicacileyo. Njengomnini-mzi-mveliso, ndithetha nabaphathi bempahla nezinto zokuthenga njengawe yonke imihla, kwaye ndiyazazi iinkxalabo zakho. Isitshixo kukuhamba ngokungaphaya kwexabiso kwaye ugxile kwintsebenziswano kunye nokuqinisekiswa. Okokuqala nokuphambili, imfuno elubala kumaxwebhu. Umenzi odumileyo uya kukunika isatifikethi sabo se-SO 13485 (seenkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho wonyango), iiNkqubo zokumakisha i-CE (kwiimarike zaseYurophu), kwaye nayiphi na into efanelekileyo Fda Ubhaliso okanye oonobumba. Sukuthatha nje iLizwi labo ngalo; Cela amaxwebhu kwaye uyazi indlela yokuqinisekisa ngayo.

Okwesibini, unxibelelwano yinto yonke. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zentlungu endiyivayo malunga nonxibelelwano olungalunganga. Udinga umthengisi ngentengiso ephendulayo, ethetha ulwimi lwesiNgesi kunye neqela lenkxaso eliqonda iimfuno zakho zobugcisa nezomthetho. Babuze imibuzo eneenkcukacha malunga nenkqubo yabo yemveliso, iitsheki zolawulo ezisemgangathweni, kunye neenkqubo zokulandelela kwe-batch. Ngaba banokukuxelela ukuba leliphi na i-lotsin ye-Raw engenayo imaski Uyayithenga? Iqabane elilungileyo linakho. Eli nqanaba leenkcukacha likwabalulekile ekucwangcisweni kwengxelo. Xoxa ngamaxesha akhokelayo, ukhetho lokuhambisa, kunye neMigaqo yeNtlawulo yentlawulo yokuphepha ukulibaziseka okunokushiya iziko lakho limfutshane.

Okokugqibela, qwalasela imveliso ngokwayo. Cela iisampulu ngaphambi kokubeka iodolo enkulu. Xa ubafumana, cinga ngomgangatho. Jonga i-welds kwi iindlebe zoops, imvakalelo ye Ilaphu eliphefumlayo, kunye nengqibelelo yempumlo. Thelekisa kwi imaski Uyazi kwaye uthembele. Ngaba ive ive i-flimysy? Ngaba zikho ivumba elingaqhelekanga? Ezi nkcukacha zincinci zinokuba zimpawu zemicimbi emincinci yokulawula umgangatho. Ukufunyanwa kweziphene malunga nokwakhiwa kwentembeko. Yintsebenziswano apho omabini amacala axhamle ngokucaca, umgangatho, kunye nonxibelelwano oluvulekileyo. Nokuba ujonge Ukuhamba kwedwa okanye ilula Imaski yobusoLe mithetho-siseko yenkuthalo efanelekileyo ihlala isebenza.

I-Covids-19 ubhubhane itshintsha njani imbonakalo yomhlaba?

I I-COVID 19 Ubhubhane yayingumsitho we-seismic owazisa ngokuqhubeka nokuqonda kwehlabathi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe Imaski yobuso. Ngaphambi kwe-2020, kumazwe asentshona aseNtshona, imaski-Ukuba bekunye kakhulu Useto lokhathalelo lwempilo. I-pandemic iguqule i imaski Kwisimboli ye-ouquiting yempilo yoluntu kunye noxanduva lwentlalo, enxitywe ngu Uluntu ngokubanzi yonke imihla. Olu xinzelelo olungathethekiyo olungazange lwenziwe lube yingxaki enkulu yoNxweme lweLizwe, eveza ubungozi kwaye ukhokele kwi-gorge kwimveliso entsha, zombini ezisemthethweni nebuqhetseba. Iingcali zokuthengwa kwempahla, imakethi yaba yindawo ye-chaotatic ye-chanronyms entsha (KY95, Ff2), abathengisi abanganyanzelekanga, kunye neemveliso zomgunyathi.

Enye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo ekugxilwe kuzo kulawulo lomthombo. Umyalezo wempilo yoluntu ophambili waba nokunxiba a imaski yayingekuko ukhuseleko lomntu, kodwa malunga nokukhusela uluntu. Oku kuphakamise ukubaluleka kwento elula I-Cloit Masks okanye inkqubo imaski ekunciphiseni i Ukusasazeka kweCovide-19. I I-CDC kwaye ezinye iiarhente zempilo zikhuphe isikhokelo esicacileyo malunga nendlela nxiba ubuso Ukugubungela ngokufanelekileyo, kubandakanya neengcebiso kwi phucula ngokufanelekileyo ye-surgical kwaye I-comps masks ngokuqhawula iindlebe zendlebe okanye usebenzisa imaski efanelekileyo. I-pidemic idemokhrasi imaski, kodwa ikwenze nolwazi umsantsa eshiye abathengi abaninzi kwaye nabanye abachwephesha badidekile malunga ne Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemaski.

Ukusuka kwimbono yemveliso kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla, ubhubhane wanyanzela indaleko ekhawulezileyo. Sabona uGcino oluNgxamisekileyo (Euas) ukusuka kwi Fda ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwabaphengululi bemveli, njenge KY95 Ukusuka eTshayina, ngaphakathi ukhathalelo lwempilo useto xa I-N95s banqabile. Oku kugxininise ukubaluleka kokuqonda imigangatho yehlabathi. Ikwagxininisa imfuno ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-chain yoncedo. Ingxaki yasifundisa ukuba ixhomekeke kumthombo omnye okanye ingingqi inobungozi kwaye esungule ubudlelwane kunye neyabavelisi abaqinisekisiweyo, abaqinisekisiweyo kubalulekile. Ilifa le I-COVID 19 Ngaba imakethi eyaziyo ngakumbi, ingqiqo ngakumbi, kwaye ifuna okungaphezulu komgangatho kunye nokungafihli nto kuyo I-PPE.

Ngaba i-comps maskis okanye inkqubo esemgangathweni ilungele ukugcinwa kwezempilo?

Ukufaneleka kwe I-Cloit Masks okanye inkqubo esemgangathweni imaski kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi othile kunye nenqanaba lomngcipheko ngaphakathi Ukuseta kwezempilo. A I-Cloit Masks ikakhulu isixhobo solawulo lomthombo we Uluntu ngokubanzi. Ngelixa ngokufanelekileyo I-Cloit Masks unakho nceda unciphise ukukhutshwa kwamachaphaza aphephekileyo kwi sine, ibonelela ngokhuseleko oluncinci kwi sine ukusuka kwi-evingsung amasuntswana amahle okanye ii-aerosols. Ngesi sizathu, i-comptus imaski ngokubanzi ithathelwa ingqalelo ukuba akonelanga ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi ngabaqeqeshi bezempilo ababonelela ngononophelo ngomonde. Baswele irhafu ukuthoba kunye nemigangatho yokuchasana ne-fluid efunekayo Imaski yezonyango.

Inkqubo esemgangathweni Imaski yezonyango, olu luhlobo lwe imaski ye-sugical, libali elahlukileyo. Ziyinto engaphandle ukhathalelo lwempilo. Ezi ilahla Imaski yile I-FDA-ilawulwa kwaye yenzelwe ukubonelela umqobo ngokuchasene namathontsi kunye nokuhla kwebala. Zilungele ngokugqibeleleyo uluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi, ezinje ngeemviwo ngokubanzi, ukuthutha isigulana, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zesibhedlele ukukhuthaza ulawulo lomthombo. Banika ibhalansi elungileyo yokhuselo kunye nokuphefumla kwiimeko ezisezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, zinjalo hayi a umphenyi. Azikhethi tywina eliqinileyo kwaye aziboneleli ngokhuseleko oluthembekileyo ekuphefumleni ii-pairty ezincinci ze-airborg.

Ke ngoko, ukulawula kwesithupha kukutshatisa i imaski emngciphekweni.

• I-Cloit Mask: Ayisiyo yokufumana ukusetyenziswa kweklinikhi yi-HCPS.
• Inkqubo / i-surgical mask: Ilungele ukulawulwa komthombo kunye nokukhuselwa kumathontsi kwiimeko zeklinikhi ephantsi. Kubalulekile ekukhuseleni abaguli kukhuphiswano loMboneleli ngexesha leSTTle.
• Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95: Iyafuneka ukukhuselwa kumasuntswana ahlukeneyo, ngakumbi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-AEROL.

Umphathi wempahla yokuthenga, oku kuthetha ukugcina uluhlu lwezinto ezihloliweyo. Udinga ukubonelelwa okuthembekileyo kwenqanaba eliphezulu Ubuso boNyango lweMicimbi yoNyango Ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, ecaleni kwesitokhwe I-nioshivuliwe I-N95 ii-respirators Kwimeko eziphakamileyo zomngcipheko. Imalunga nesixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthobela kunye nokhuseleko.

Izatifikethi zokungena: zeziphi iso, CE, kwaye i-fda ithethe ngenyani yokuthenga imaski yakho?

NgoMlawuli weThengiso, izitishino zilwimi lwakho lokuthemba. Babungqina benjongo yokuba imveliso ihlangabezana nemigangatho emiselweyo. Masipheke kwezona zixhaphakileyo ziya kudibana nazo xa kufuneka Imaski yezonyango.

ISO 13485 Ngaba umgangatho wehlabathi jikelele wenkqubo yolawulo esemgangathweni yemveliso yesixhobo sonyango. Xa umzi-mveliso onjengomzi-mveliso onjenge-ISS 13485 eqinisekiswe, kuthetha ukuba sibonakalise ukuba amandla ethu okubonelela ngonyango oluthintela abathengi kunye neemfuno zomsebenzi ezifanelekileyo. Asikokuqinisekiswa kwemveliso; Yinkqubo yenkqubo. Ikuxelela ukuba umenzi unemigaqo yomeleleyo endaweni yoyilo, imveliso, ukulandelela, kunye nolawulo lomngcipheko. Esi sisiqinisekiso sakho sesiseko sobuchule bomthengisi kunye nokuthembeka kuzo zonke iimveliso, ukusuka kwi Imaski yobuso kwizinto ezinzima ngakumbi Ukunyanzelwa kwetyala lonyango.

Ukumakishwa kwe-CE luphawu lokuqinisekiswa olubonisa ukuvumelana nempilo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokukhusela imigangatho yokhuseleko lwendalo kwiimveliso ezithengiswa kwingingqi yezoqoqosho eYurophu (eyee). Ye imaski ye-sugical okanye umphenyi, I-CAMar SICS ichaza ukuba imveliso ivavanyiwe ukuba ihlangabezane nemiyalelo ye-EU efanelekileyo ye-EU Yindwendwe eligunyazisiweyo lemveliso engena kwimarike ye-EU. Umthengi osekwe kwi-US, ngelixa engeyiyo imfuneko ngqo, isebenza njengesalathiso esomeleleyo sokuba umenzi abeke imigangatho ephezulu yehlabathi.

Ekugqibeleni, i Fda (Ulawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi) Imaski yezonyango eUnited States. Njengoko sithethe, Imaski ye-subgical ziqwalaselwe Iklasi II izixhobo zonyango kwaye zifuna Fda Imvume, ngokuqhelekileyo nge-510 (k) Isaziso seNkuluvo. Le nkqubo ibonisa ukuba ifowuni ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza njengesixhobo esimiselweyo esemthethweni esingaphantsi kokuvunywa kwe-PHOSKETO. Kuba Ii-regical N95 abaqhubi, bafuna bobabini I-niosh imvume kwaye Fda imvume. Ukuqinisekisa umthengisi Fda Ubhaliso kunye nemveliso yemveliso linyathelo elingathethekiyo lenkqubo yakho yokukhuthala. Umthengisi othembekileyo uya kubonelela ngeenombolo zabo zobhaliso kunye ne-510 (k) iileta eziceliweyo. Ezi ziqinisekiso yikhasimela yakho kumgangatho ombi kunye nokungahambelani kokulawulwa.

Iindlela eziphambili zokukhumbula

Njengoko usiya kwiLizwe elinzima lezonyango imaski kwaye umphenyi Ukuthengwa, gcina la manqaku afunekayo engqondweni:

• Umsebenzi weLitics: A imaski ye-sugical ukhusela abanye ukusuka i sine ngokuthintela iimpuphu. A Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 ukhusela i sine ukusuka indalo ngokucoca amasuntswana omoya.
• Ilungile yonke into i-respitor: A Isixhobo esincedisa ukuphefumla se-n95 ayisebenzi ngaphandle kwetywina eliqinileyo. A kufanelekile ngokufanelekileyo, iqinisekisiwe luvavanyo olufanelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uphumelele kwinqanaba elithenjisiweyo lokhuselo.
• Yazi uMlawuli wakho: E-US, i Fda ilawula Imaski ye-subgical njengezixhobo zonyango, ngelixa I-niosh Qinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuqinileyo kwabaxhaphali. Utyando n95s kufuneka ifezekise imigangatho yazo zombini.
• Iivalves zezokuthuthuzela, hayi iikliniki: Abaphengululi nge I-valves ye-ench Khusela i sine Kodwa hayi abo babangqongileyo. Ayifanelekanga ukuba ihlawulwe Useto lokhathalelo lwempilo apho ulawulo lufumaneka lubalulekile.
• Qinisekisa, ungazithembi: Xa ukhunjulwe kwihlabathi jikelele, ibango kwaye uqinisekise ukuba kuqinisekisiwe njenge-ISO 13485, i-CE Mark, kwaye Fda imvume. Iqabane elinabaxhasi ababonakalayo ababeka phambili umgangatho kunye nonxibelelwano.
• Tshatisa imaski ukuya emngciphekweni: Sebenzisa indlela edityanisiweyo. Umgangatho wesitokhwe Imaski yezonyango Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunye nokuGcina I-N95 ii-respirators Inkqubo emngciphekweni omkhulu, ukuvelisa i-aerol-veral yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokulawula iindleko ngokufanelekileyo.