Munyika yemidziyo yekudzivirira pachako (PPP), mazwi ekuti "kufema" uye "mask" anowanzo shandiswa zvinoshandurwa. Nekudaro, kune maneja wekutenga muchipatara seMako Thompson muUSA, kana chero munhu ane mhosva yekuchengetedza basa, kusiyanisa inyaya yehupenyu nerufu. Iyo yakapusa yekuvhiya mask haisi a kufema. Kunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzezvesviro, chii a kusefa kumeso ndeipi, uye nei Nihs Kubvumidzwa ndiyo chiyero chegoridhe chakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chechokwadi Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa. Semugadziri anonzi Allen, aine mitsara minomwe yekugadzira muChina yakatsanangurwa kune zvekurapa zvinoparadza, ndaazvionera ega nyonganiso uye mhedzisiro yekusarudza zvisikwa zvisiri izvo. Nhungamiro iyi ichakurumidza kudzora nyika mhepo-inonatsa inodonhedza, Tsanangura tekinoroji kumashure kwe Filter Media, uye kukupa simba kuti usarudze zvakanaka kufema kuchengetedzeka kweboka rako.
Chii chinonzi kufema uye chinosiyana sei neyakajairika kumeso mask?
Kutanga, ngatiratidzei kusanzwisisika kukuru. Chiyero chakajairika chekuvhiya, se Chiremba wekuvhiya kumeso kumeso Isu tinogadzira, yakagadzirwa kunyanya kuchengetedza nharaunda kubva the the Wearer. Iyo inogadzira chipinganidzo kumisa madonhwe kubva kumuridzi wemapuranga mhino nemuromo kubva pakusvibisa murwere kana munda wakasviba. Haina kugadzirwa kuti iite chisimbiso chakasimba pamusoro pechiso uye haina basa Filter kunze kwazvo mhepo yemhepo.
A kufema, kune rumwe rutivi, chidimbu che Zvishandiso Zvega Zvekudzivirira yakagadzirirwa Dzivirira Anotya kubva nharaunda. Chinangwa chayo chikuru ndechekudzivirira iyo inhalation yeNjodzi Airborne zvinhu, kusanganisira guruva, mafudzi, marara, gasi, uye vapor. Chinhu chakakosha che kufema ndiko kugona kwayo kuumba chisimbiso chakasimba kuchiso chemushandisi, kumanikidza mumhepo yemhepo kuti ipfuure kuburikidza neiyo Filter zvinhu. Uyu ndiwo mutsauko wakakosha: Mask chinhu chakasununguka chipingamupinyi cheSosi kutonga, nepo kufema chishandiso chakasimba-chisimbiso che Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa.
Nei kubvumidzwa kweNihts iyo yegoridhe chiyero chekudzivirira kwekufema?
Paunenge uchisvika a kufema Kuti ushandiswe muUnited States, izwi rimwe rinomira kupfuura vamwe vese: Niomh akatenderwa. Nihs, the National Institute yekuchengetedza basa Uye hutano, ndiye U.S. Federal Agency Agency ane mhosva yekuedza uye kutaurisa mafonzo. A kufema iyo yakawana Nihs Kubvumidzwa kwacho kwave kuongororwa kwakaomarara kuyedzwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinosangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akasimba Kubudirira kweFiltiency, Kufema, uye hunhu hwekuvaka.
Ichi chitupa hachisi chikonzero chete; Chinhu chinodiwa kuchengetedza kwebasa pasi OSHA (Kuchengetedza kuchengetedza uye hutano hutongi) mirau. Kana a Kushanda Kwebasa zvinoda Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa, ivo vanofanirwa kushandisa Vanoperekedza vanosangana the the Nihs standard. Semutengesi wechigadziri kuNorth America, tinoona zvigadzirwa zvedu zvine basa, se Chekufemesa chinonzi n95, sangana izvi zvinodiwa zvinomarara. The the Nihs Kubvumidza Kuisa Maka pa kufema kana kurongedza kwayo ndeyevimbiso yako yekuti chishandiso chinopa iyo yakataurwa mwero wekudzivirira. Iwe unogona kugara uchisimbisa chitupa nekutarisa iyo Niesh certified zvishandiso zvinyorwa (cel).
Inoraswa vs. Rusable Fespirators: Izvo zvakanaka kuti kubasa kwako?
Vanoperekedza vanowanzowira mumapoka maviri: kuraswa uye kudzoserwa. A kuraswa kufema, zvakare anozivikanwa se Kufefetera kumeso kwekufema (FFR), akareruka kufema Iko iyo yuniti yese yakaraswa mushure mekushandisa. The the N95 ndiwo muenzaniso wakakurumbira we kuraswa kufema. Izvi zvakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza zivisa Njodzi uye dzinowanzo shandiswa mukati Healthcare Zvirongwa uye kuvaka.
Reusable Fespirators, kusiyana, chinongedzera chakasimba kutarisana (a hafu yechiso kufukidza mhino nemuromo kana a yakazara kumeso izvo zvinosanganisirawo Kudzivirirwa Kweziso) Yakagadzirwa neiyo silicone kana rabha. Izvi kutarisana inogona kucheneswa uye kushandiswa zvakare uye zvakare. Chinhu chinodzivirira chinobva pakutsiva Cartridges kana mafirita. Unogona kusarudza yakatarwa cartridge kuchengetedza kubva kune yakatarwa njodzi, senge organic vapor cartridge, Acid gasi cartridge, kana p100 zivisa faira. Reusable Fespirators Ipa zvakanyanya kuwanikwazve nharaunda nevanowanikwa neakawanda kana huwandu hwepamusoro-hwakawanda ngozi asi zvinoda imwe yekugadzirisa chirongwa chekugadzirisa.
Kushongedza iyo N95: Chii chiri kusefa zveshuwa zveshuwa (ffrs)?
Izwi iri N95 rave zita remumba, asi ndewe technically chikamu cheCertification yerudzi rwechokwadi rwe kuraswa kufema: the Kufefetera kumeso kwekufema (FFR). Izvi ndizvo mhepo-inonatsa inodonhedza izvo Faira kunze kwezvinhu zvimedu kubva pamhepo paunofema. Izvo zvese kutarisana ye kufema yakagadzirwa ne Filter zvinhu. Iyo "N95" dhizaini kubva Nihs zvakananga zvinoreva kuti kufema Filter ane Kubudirira kweFiltiency of angangoita 95% kupokana non-oiri mhepo yemhepo.
Nihsh yakatenderwa ffrs huyai vazhinji maumbirwo uye saizi kukwana akasiyana-siyana zviso. Vamwe vanogona kunge vaine Kupfeka vharuvhu, kadiki kadiki kapurasitiki iyo inovhara kana iyo Wearer inhales uye inovhura kana yadzoka. Iyi vharuvhu haikanganisi Wearer's Dziviriro uye Inogona Gadzira iyo yekufema yakagadzikana kupfeka nekudzora kupisa uye nekunyorovesa kuvaka mukati kutarisana. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kune fFR kuti ishande, iyo FFRRS SEAL PAMUSORO PENYAYA YAKO, kumanikidza mhepo yese kuburikidza ne Filter. Chero mapopinji nekuda kwebvudzi rechiso kana isina kukodzera inopa iyo inopa iyo kufema zvisingabatsiri.
Chii chinoratidzwa nipi yeNiesh (n, r, p, 95, 99, 100) zvinoreva chaizvo?
Iyo inoita kunge cryptic codes pane a Nihsh yakatenderwa kufema Chaizvoizvo inzvimbo yakatwasuka yakarongeka. Ivo vanokuudza zvinhu zviviri pamusoro pe kufema Filter: kupokana kwayo kwemafuta uye kwayo Filt kushanda.
Heino kuputsa kuri nyore:
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Tsamba (kupokana kwemafuta):
- N: Not kuramba mafuta. Iyi ndiyo mhando yakajairika, inoshandiswa zivisa nyaya yakaita guruva, allergens, uye vatariri vemhepo. The the Chekufemesa chinonzi n95 ndiwo muenzaniso wekare.
- R: Rakakosha kune mafuta. Inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzine oiri mists, asi kushandiswa kwayo kunowanzove kuchinjika kune imwe maawa masere ekuchinja.
- P: Mafuta Pdenga. Inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzemafuta-dzakavakirwa zvimedu zvenguva yakareba, sezvakatsanangurwa nemugadziri.
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Nhamba (yekufamba-famba):
- 95: Mafirita kunze kanokwana 95% ye mhepo yemhepo.
- 99: Mafirita kunze kweinenge 99% ye mhepo yemhepo.
- 100: Mafirita kunze kanokwana 99.97% ye mhepo yemhepo. Iyi ndiyo yakakwirira mwero we zivisa filt uye yakaenzana ne hepa Filter. A P100 Filter inopa iyo yepamusoro yepamusoro ye zivisa Dziviriro ye mweya-chinonatsa pripirator.
Saka, a P100 kufema kana cartridge inopa kuchengetedzwa kwemafuta ne 99.97% kunyatsobudirira kurwisa, nepo N95 kuraswa kufema inopa 95% kunyatsobudirira uye haina kurwisa mafuta.
Ndeapi mhepo-inochenesa mafirita ane cartridge kana firita?
Kupfuura iyo kuraswa kufema, une Reusable Fespirators iyo inoshandisa musanganiswa we kutarisana uye a cartridge kana Filter. Aya ndiwo mabasa ekushanda ekushanda Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa. The the kutarisana inopa chisimbiso, uye cartridge inosimudza zvinorema yekuchenesa mweya. A cartridge mudziyo wakazadzwa nezvinhu, seyakagadziriswa kabhoni, iyo inobata chaiyo gasi kana mupfu. A Filter, se P100 pancake Filter, yakagadzirirwa kubata chete zivisa nyaya.
Kubatsira kukuru kweiyi system kushanduka kwayo. Mushandi anogona kushandisa zvakafanana kudzoserwa Pasopiece Resipirator asi chinja kunze cartridge Zvichienderana nebasa racho. Rimwe zuva vangangoda a cartridge for organic vapor uku pendi, uye inotevera vangabatanidza a zivisa faira yekubuda. Mazhinji makatambadziro ari musanganiswa cartridges, achidzivirira kubva kune ese ari maviri gasi uye vapor pamwe nedunhu. Kune mamaneja ekutakura, izvi zvinoreva kubata ongororo yezvese zvimedu uye zvakasiyana cartridge uye Filter Mhando dzinodiwa kune yako nzvimbo yengozi. Makambani akadaro 3m kupa a Kusarudzwa Kwakawanda yeaya masisitimu.
Rini rinopihwa rinoti-mweya wekufema kana SCBA ndiyo chete sarudzo?
Zvese Vanoperekedza uye masks Takurukura kusvika parizvino mhepo-inonatsa inodonhedza. Ivo vanoshanda nekuvhenekesa zvinosvibisa kubva kumhepo munzvimbo. Asi ko kana mweya pachacho chiri dambudziko? Munzvimbo dzine okisijeni-kushomeka (zvisingasviki 19.5% okisijeni) kana kupi kusunganidzwa kwekusvibisa kwakangoitika kune hupenyu kana hutano (idlh), an mweya-chinonatsa pripirator haishande. Mune zviitiko izvi, iwe unoda a kufema iyo inopa yayo yakachena Mhepo Kuwanikwa.
Kune marudzi maviri makuru. A inopiwa-mweya wekufema kununura mweya wekufema kune Wearer Kuburikidza nehurefu hwakabatana kune yakachena mhepo sosi. Fomu yepamberi ye Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa ndiye Ingaye-ine kufema zvishandiso (SCBA). Urwu ndirwo rudzi rumwe chete Zvishandiso Vanodzima moto vanoshandisa, uko Wearer inotakura tangi yemhepo yakamanikidzwa kumusana kwavo. Iyo SCBA inopa yepamusoro yepamusoro Chikamu chekudzivirirwa kwekufema Nekuti yakazvimirira zvachose mumhepo yakapoteredza.
Unosarudza sei iyo yekufema yekufema yeiyo chaiyo mhepo borborne njodzi?
The the kusarudzwa kwakakodzera a kufema chiitiko chakarongeka icho chinofanira kunge chiri chikamu chechinyorwa chakanyorwa Resipiratory Dziviriro Chirongwa. Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekuziva iyo njodzi. Ndizvo here zivisa Senge silica guruva kana a fume Kubva kuWelding? Ndizvo here gasi kunge chlorine kana a vapor kubva ku solvent? Kana kuti ndeyekubatanidzwa here?
Kamwe njodzi ichizivikanwa, iwe unofanirwa kuona kusarongeka kwayo. Zvichienderana neruzivo urwu, unogona kusarudza iyo Right Respirator. Zvakawanda zvakajairika zivisa Njodzi pazasi peimwe kusunganidzwa, a kuraswa Chekufemesa chinonzi n95 inowanzo kukwana. Kune yakatarwa gasi kana mupfu, iwe uchazoda a Reusable parafirator nemakemikari akakodzera cartridge. Gara uchibvunza mirayiridzo yemugadziri uye OSHA Nhungamiro. Semuenzaniso, mamwe mitemo anogona kuda a yakazara kumeso kufema pamusoro a hafu-mask kupa chinhu chakakwirira chekudzivirira. Chirongwa chakarongeka ppe zvakare chinosanganisira zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita Kuzvitsaura kuchengetedza kubva kune splashes uye bata ngozi.
Kukosha kwakanyanya kwebvunzo yakakodzera kune chero munhu wakatarisana nezvokufema
Iwe unogona kuve neyakawandisa P100 cartridge kana yepamusoro-ye-iyo-mutsara Chekufemesa chinonzi n95, asi kana ikasimbisa zvakanaka kuna Wearer's Chiso, chinenge chisingabatsiri. Ndokusaka OSHA inoda bvunzo yakakodzera pamberi pe Wearer inoshandisa yakasimba-yakakodzera kufema munzvimbo yakasvibiswa uye gore rega rega. Bvunzo yakakodzera inotarisa iyo Chisimbiso pamusoro pechiso chako chakatenderedza the they ye kufema.
Kune marudzi maviri emiedzo yakakodzera. Muedzo unokosha unovimba nepfungwa dzemuridzi wekuravira kana kunhuhwirira kuti uone kukohwa. Bvunzo yehuwandu inoshandisa muchina kuyera iyo chaiyo huwandu hwehuwandu mukati kutarisana. Chakakodzera chakakwana chakakosha kuti chero chinokanganisa chisimbiso, senge ndebvu, hazvibvumirwe kana uchipfeka zvakaringana kufema. Iyi nhanho inovimbisa kuti Zvivakwa Zvekudzivirira Chaizvoizvo inopa kuchengetedzwa.
Izvo zvekutarisa mune mugadziri wekurasa mafirish
Kune mutengi saMark, kubatidzana nemugadziri chaiye anokwanisa. Kana uchine mvura kuraswa kunopararira, kunyanya kubva mhiri kwemakungwa, pane zvinhu zvinoverengeka kuti uone. Chekutanga uye kunyanya, kuda chiratidzo che Nihs kubvumidzwa. Bvunza iyo TC (kuyedza uye certification) nhamba yeiyo chaiyo kufema Model uye uzvisurure pane Nihsh certified zvishandiso zvinyorwa.
Kupfuura chitupa, bvunza nezveMhando yeMhando Yekugadzira System (QMS). Vari ivo iso 9001 Certified? Kune zvigadzirwa zvekurapa-giredhi, vanoenderana neI ISO 13485? Tsvaga mumwe wako uyo anoonekera nezvezvishandiso zvavo uye maitiro ekugadzira. Nekuti 3m gadziriso inoraswa kana mamwe makuru makuru, ruzivo urwu runowanikwa nyore. Kune vamwe vatengesi, ibasa rako kubvunza. Mugadziri akavimbika anozova nedambudziko rekupa zvinyorwa uye kuratidza kuzvipira kune kuchengetedzwa kwebasa uye hutano. Ivo vanonzwisisa kuti mhando yavo kufema yakabatanidzwa zvakananga nehutano hwemugumo-mushandisi. Isu tinozvirumbidza pamusoro peiyi transpenarency, tichipa chiratidzo chakajeka uye chakavimbika chekugovera vatinoita muUS, Europe, neAustralia.
Key Deaaroways
- Respipirator Vs. Mask: A kufema inodzivirira iyo Wearer Nekupfekedzwa kwemhepo inocherwa uye inoda chisimbiso chakasimba. Iyo mask ndeye chisungo chakasununguka chinodzivirira nharaunda kubva kumadonhwe akapfeka emvura.
- Nihs yakakosha: Nekuti Kushanda Kwebasa shandisa muU.S., a kufema inofanira kunge iri Niomh akatenderwa. Iyi certification inovimbisa yayo Filt kuita.
- Inoraswa vs. Rusable: Kuraswa kuseya kumeso kwesefirespires (sa N95) ndezve zivisa Njodzi uye dzakaraswa mushure mekushandiswa. Reusable Fespirators shandisa zvakaringana kutarisana Nekutsiva Cartridges kana mafirita Kune Various gasi, vapor, uye chidimbu Njodzi.
- Nzwisisa Ratings: Tsamba (n, r, p) inoratidza mafuta kuramba, uye nhamba (95, 99, 100) inoratidza zvishoma Kuzivisa Chiedza Chiitiko.
- Kukwana ndiko zvese: A kufema inofanira kuve yakakodzera zvakakwana-yakaedzwa kune iyo Wearer Kuve nechokwadi chechisimbiso chakasimba. Pasina chisimbiso chakanaka, kunyangwe zvakanakisa kufema inopa dziviriro shoma.
- Simbisa wako mutengesi: Gara uchisimbisa Nihs Certification uye bvunza nezve mhando yemhando yemhando system kana ichisvika Kudzivirirwa Kwekuponesa.
Kutumira Nguva: Aug-27-2025