Zotsatira zandalama za Saudi Aramco zomwe zatulutsidwa posachedwa mu 2023 zidatsimikiziranso mphamvu ya kampaniyo komanso kufunikira kwake ku ufumu wonse.
Ngakhale kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta padziko lonse lapansi mu 2023 poyerekeza ndi chaka cham'mbuyomo, komanso kukulitsa kwa kuchepa kwa OPEC + kunapangitsa kuti pakhale zopanga zochepa kuposa kale, Saudi Aramco idapezabe ndalama zokwana $ 121 biliyoni muzopeza zonse mu 2023. Ndalama zonse za Saudi Aramco zidatsika ndi 25 peresenti kuchokera ku $ 161 biliyoni mu 2022, koma magwiridwe ake anali amphamvu. Kuyang'ana lipoti lonse la zachuma, pali mfundo zinayi zotsatirazi zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri
Chimodzi ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa malipiro a magawo. Mu 2023, gawo lomwe linaperekedwa ndi Saudi Aramco lidakwera ndi 30% pachaka kufika $98 biliyoni. Izi zikutsatira chigamulo cha kampani yopereka gawo lowonjezera "logwirizana ndi ntchito" pamwamba pa gawo loyamba la gawo lachitatu la 2023. Pofika chaka cha 2024, malipiro a gawo la Aramco akhoza kuwonjezeka mpaka $ 124 biliyoni. Kupindula kwakukulu kungathandize makamaka omwe ali ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu, boma la Saudi ndi Public Investment Fund (PIF).
Chachiwiri, ndalama zogulira ndalama zinawonjezeka kwambiri. Mu 2023, Saudi Aramco idakulitsa ndalama zake m'magawo akumtunda, kumunsi ndi mphamvu zatsopano ku Saudi Arabia ndi kunja, ndipo ndalama zogulira ndalama zikuwonjezeka ndi 28% pachaka mpaka pafupifupi $ 50 biliyoni. Kampaniyo inanenanso kuti ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2024 zidzakhala pakati pa $ 48 biliyoni ndi $ 58 biliyoni. Boma la Saudi layimitsa mapulani omwe adalengezedwa kale oti awonjezere kukula kwa mafuta akuyerekezedwa kuti apulumutse Aramco pafupifupi $ 40 biliyoni pakugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera pakati pa 2024 ndi 2028. Chachitatu, ngongole zomwe zatsala zatsika.
Saudi Aramco adapereka malipiro omaliza ku PIF mu 2023 kuti apeze Saudi Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC) mu 2020. Izi zinachepetsa kubwereketsa kwa kampaniyo pafupifupi $ 77 biliyoni, kuchepa kwa 26 peresenti. Chachinayi, ndalama ndi chuma chamakono chinatsika. Kuphatikizika kwa zinthu, kuphatikizapo kuwonjezereka kwa malipiro agawidwe, ndalama zogulira ndalama ndi kubweza ngongole zobweza ngongole, zachepetsa ndalama zonse ndi ndalama zamadzimadzi zomwe Saudi Aramco inagwira mpaka pafupifupi $ 100 biliyoni kuchokera ku $ 135 biliyoni mu 2022. Poyerekeza, zinthu zamadzimadzi mu dziwe lazachuma la PIF zidayima pafupifupi $22 biliyoni mu Seputembala 2023, pomwe boma la Saudi linali ndi ndalama zokwana $116 biliyoni ndi banki yayikulu mdziko muno kumapeto kwa 2023.
Funso ndilakuti, kodi phindu lalikulu la Aramco silitha?
Zogawana zake kwa omwe ali ndi masheya zidakwera kuchoka pa $75bn mu 2022 mpaka $98bn mu 2023 ndipo zikuyenera kukwera mpaka pafupifupi $124bn chaka chino. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chifukwa chachikulu chakukula ndikukhazikitsa gawo la "performance-linked" gawo lachitatu la 2023, monga chowonjezera pagawo loyambira la kampani lomwe linaperekedwa mu 2018, lomwe lidakhazikitsidwa ku Saudi Aramco's "free cash flow" mu 2022 ndi 2023. Zimatanthauzidwa ngati 70% ya ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ndi ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito, ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito ndi ndalama zoyambira. kulipidwa kotala lachinayi cha 2024.
Kodi chigawo chotsatira chidzabwere liti Saudi Aramco? Mwachiwonekere, boma la Saudi ndi PIF.
Kumapeto kwa 2022, Saudi Aramco inali ndi ndalama zokwana $135 biliyoni komanso ndalama zazifupi. Chifukwa cha zaka ziwiri zotsatizana zamtengo wapamwamba wamafuta padziko lonse lapansi mu 2021 ndi 2022, komanso kuchokera pakugulitsa masheya m'makampani awiri a mapaipi, zinthu zamadzimadzi za Saudi Aramco monga ndalama ndi ndalama zazifupi zawonjezeka kuwirikiza kawiri pazaka ziwiri zapitazi.
Poganizira kuchuluka kwa malipiro a capex ndi ngongole mu 2023 komanso kuchepa kwa ndalama zamafuta, kampaniyo "inagawa" ndalama zokwana $33 biliyoni ndi ndalama zanthawi yochepa kuti ipereke zopindulitsa zambiri kwa omwe ali ndi masheya. Izi zikuyenera kupitilira mu 2024. Ndi Aramco ikukonzekera kuonjezera ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama mu 2024, kampaniyo iyenera kulowa mu likulu lake logwira ntchito kuti ipereke malipiro kachiwiri pokhapokha ngati ikugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zakunja kapena kugulitsa zinthu zomwe zilipo kale. Zachidziwikire, popeza Saudi Aramco ikadali ndi ndalama zokwana $ 102 biliyoni komanso ndalama zazifupi pamabuku ake koyambirira kwa 2024, izi sizikhala zovuta kwakanthawi.
Boma la Saudi ndi PIF, monga omwe ali ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu a Saudi Aramco, ndi omwe amapindula kwambiri ndi gawo lomalizali. M'malo mwake, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zomwe zimatchedwa gawo logwirizana ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi dongosolo lapadera kuti kampaniyo ikwaniritse zosowa zandalama za eni ake akuluakulu awiriwa, kuti asamutsire zina mwazinthu zomwe zili nazo pakugawa ndikudzaza kusiyana kwa ndalama pakati pa boma la Saudi ndi PIF. PIF idalandira pafupifupi $ 5.5 biliyoni m'magawo owonjezera kuchokera ku Saudi Aramco mu 2023 poyerekeza ndi 2022, ndipo kuchuluka kwa gawo lowonjezerali likuyenera kukwera mpaka $ 12 biliyoni mu 2024. Izi makamaka chifukwa cha boma la Saudi jekeseni gawo lina la 8% ku Saudi Aramco ku PIF mu Marichi chaka chino. Kuboma la Saudi, palinso zokolola zochulukirapo mu 2024 kuposa 2023, makamaka m'magawo atsopano okhudzana ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe amafanana ndi mtengo wa 8% pagawo. Kumbali ina, zitha kuwoneka ngati zikuthandizira kutayika kwa kusamutsidwa kwachuma kwa 8%. Koma ndalama zomwe zimagawika kuchokera pamtengo wa 8% sizingadzazidwe, ndikusiya "dzenje" la $ 1 biliyoni mpaka $ 2 biliyoni mu bajeti ya boma la Saudi 2024. Chokhacho chabwino ndichakuti kupindula kwakukulu kungapangitse magawo a Aramco kukhala okopa kwa osunga ndalama.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-18-2024